Which organisms convert nitrogen-containing organic molecules into nitrates?

• A. Decomposers
• B. Producers
• C. Primary consumers
• D. Tertiary consumers

Answer: (A)

Decomposers play a crucial role in the nitrogen cycle by breaking down nitrogen-containing organic molecules, such as proteins and nucleic acids, found in dead organisms and waste products. During this decomposition process, microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi convert these organic molecules into simpler inorganic compounds, including nitrates. This process, known as ammonification, leads to the formation of ammonia, which can then be further oxidized by nitrifying bacteria into nitrites and subsequently into nitrates through nitrification. Nitrates are essential nutrients that can be taken up by plants, making decomposers vital for maintaining soil fertility and promoting the growth of producers in the ecosystem. Thus, decomposers are responsible for facilitating the conversion of organic nitrogen into a form that is accessible to plants, completing an essential step in the nitrogen cycle.